Live Fluid Analyzer. Composition Fluid Analyzer. Quicksilver Probe Focused Fluid Extraction. Rt Scanner Triaxial Induction Service. SlimXtreme Slimhole Logging Platform. Platform Express Wireline Logging. InSitu Fluid Analyzer System. Fluid Profiling. InSitu Composition Sensor. InSitu CO2 Sensor. InSitu Fluid Color Sensor. InSitu Fluorescence Sensor. InSitu pH Sensor. InSitu Density Sensor. InSitu Viscosity Sensor. Show More Details. PressureXpress-HT High-temperature reservoir pressure service Make fast, accurate pressure and mobility measurements in high-temperature environments.
Dielectric Scanner Multifrequency dielectric dispersion service Acquire measurements that speak volumes. CHDT Cased hole dynamics tester Conduct multiple pressure measurements and collects fluid samples behind the casing in a well. CHFR Cased hole formation resistivity tool Acquire deep-reading measurements of true formation resistivity Rt from behind steel casing.
Sonic Scanner Acoustic scanning platform Gain acoustic insight to anisotropy and formation geomechanics in wells at any angle. RSTPro Reservoir saturation tool Get pulsed neutron measurement of saturation, lithology, porosity, and flow profiles. MSCT Mechanical sidewall coring tool Recover 50 sidewall cores in one trip without the damage associated with percussion tools.
PressureXpress Reservoir pressure while logging service Achieve fast, accurate pressure and mobility on the first logging run. Platform Express Integrated wireline logging tool Log faster and cost effectively with high-resolution conventional and imaging measurements. Fluid Profiling Fluid properties and their variation across your reservoir Compile and analyze data from InSitu Family downhole quantitative fluid properties measurements for fieldwide application.
InSitu Color Reservoir fluid color sensor Measure fluid color with a channel filter array spectrometer. InSitu Fluorescence Reservoir fluid fluorescence sensor Detect free gas bubbles and retrograde condensate liquid dropout for single-phase assurance. InSitu pH Reservoir fluid fluorescence sensor Measure the pH of fluids across the entire flowline cross section.
InSitu Viscosity Reservoir fluid viscosity sensor Accurately measure the viscosity of flowing formation fluid at reservoir conditions. USI Ultrasonic imager Accurately determine pipe-to-cement bond quality and downhole pipe condition with real-time, high-resolution, full-azimuth coverage. VSI Versatile seismic imager Improve interpretation with sharp, accurate borehole seismic images.
CST Chronological sample taker Collect up to 90 sidewall core samples in one trip. UBI Ultrasonic borehole imager Analyze fractures, stress, and borehole stability with advanced borehole imaging independent of mud type. OBMI Oil-based microimager Visualize the reservoir with microresistivity imaging in oil-based, nonconductive, and invert-emulsion mud systems. MDT Forte and MDT Forte-HT Rugged and high-temperature modular formation dynamics testers Minimize operating risk, maximize efficiency, and sample confidently with qualified ruggedized and high-temperature platforms.
MDT Modular formation dynamics tester Accurately measure real-time reservoir pressure and permeability and collect high-quality, representative fluid samples.
SRFT Slimhole repeat formation tester Accurately conduct pressure measurements and fluid sampling in small-diameter boreholes.
LFA Live fluid analyzer Analyze formation fluid as samples are flowed to the MDT tester to capture single-phase samples and differentiate oil types. When determining services required, the finding team should be made aware of rig time requirements for each of the various services. They should plan for a minimum of 4 days tool checks on site in the case of a full suite of exploration services.
If equipment has remained onsite since a previous logging operation and all tools were checked following that operation then this amount of time required for preparation could be reduced if rig bed space is at a premium as is often the case. This is why it is desirable to have the wireline personnel and equipment on location with several days to spare before the logging job.
A copy of this sheet can be found in appendix 4. Some reconfiguration of tool combinations may be required if drilling a deep enough rat-hole is not an option.
For example, it may be desirable to move the Gamma-Ray tool to the bottom of the tool-string — such changes have to be discussed with the wireline engineer well in advance of rig-up. The wireline crew must be provided adequate time to do this AND get enough sleep so that safety is not compromised. If it is not possible to provide enough time for full tool checks to be completed and for adequate sleep for the wireline crew, then tool checks must be compromised — the crew should be fully rested before starting a logging operation.
Copies digital or paper of these logs should be stored so that at any time CII can request and receive proof that the tool was working before operations commenced. Equipment problems during the pre-logging are not a major concern compared to failures in equipment during the actual logging operation. On the contrary, every problem found and resolved before rig-up is one less problem to be encountered during the actual logging operation.
During the logging operation 2. Safety 2. Sleep, tiredness. For many years wireline contractors built up a reputation for their engineers being able to stay awake for several days, and hence running all operations by themselves with no rest. This saves the wireline contractor money, as they only need pay for 1 engineer. It also saves the oil company money, as less bed space is required on the rig as there are less people in the wireline crew. The practice of having a physically and mentally exhausted wireline engineer or any of the wireline crew on an oil rig running an operation that has the potential to cause extensive injury and damage to personnel and equipment should not be accepted.
Any wireline contractor that claims to have safety as a business concern, and then expects its engineers to safely arm explosive devices such as percussion core takers, after 2 days with no sleep, is obviously NOT concerned with safety in any accepted understanding of the word. If the wireline supervisor believes the wireline engineer or any member of the wireline crew is too tired to continue working safely without sleep, the CII drilling representative should be informed and options discussed.
The final option is to put the rig on standby whilst the wireline crew gets 6 hours sleep, however this situation should never arise: there should be enough wireline crew on site to do the job and ensure that every member gets at least hours sleep every 24 hours.
The wireline engineers must manage their crew and themselves to ensure this sleep requirement is met. Obviously oil companies have to provide more bed space for the extra wireline personnel compared with 15 years ago - when internationally recognized safety standards were lower than what is acceptable to multinational oil companies today. Proper planning and documentation to avoid misunderstandings The wireline operation cannot be over-planned; the wireline engineer cannot be over informed of what CII expects him to deliver at all stages of the logging operation.
Logging runs, tool string configurations, presentations, data transmission requirements, anticipated sample needs, backup tool use scenarios, possible fishing operations — these should all be discussed with the wireline engineer before the job starts.
Last minute changes are a source of lost time equipment failures and other problems. Operations conducted with haste not panic The wireline operation costs a lot of money in terms of rig time. Sometimes it can take longer to complete the wireline logging than it took to drill the well. The wireline engineers should be encouraged to be pro-active in efficiently organizing their crew and equipment so that time is used efficiently.
This does not mean the crew should be running across the drill floor, but similarly having the rig up delayed because standoffs have not been put in the correct place prior to tool rig-up is just bad preparation. Radioactive issues Some wireline logging services require chemical radioactive sources to be loaded into the tools. These radioactive sources have the potential to be dangerous to health. The wireline engineer should ensure that all non-essential personnel are kept clear whenever radioactive sources are being handled, and that all contractor safety rules are followed.
Specific drilling rigs may have additional rules such as a documented background survey of the area before and post logging to ensure no sources are mislaid or lost. The danger from radioactive sources comes from excessive exposure to the radioactivity. Therefore the simple rule to minimize any risk to your health is to minimize exposure. Simply put, keep as many meters away as possible from any source handling operations, or from any tool containing a source.
If you must go closer to such radioactive sources, keep the time that you are within a 5 m distance to a minimum. If a source is lost, or suspected to have leaked, the drilling representative must be informed immediately so that personnel at risk from exposure can be removed from the area in question. Explosive issues Several open hole and many cased hole services require the use of explosives. The logging contractor will normally have a set of rules that must be followed when handling explosive devices displayed in the logging unit.
To break any of these rules would be madness, since explosive charges detonating at surface can easily kill or maim bystanders. Rig work permits Every drilling contractor has rules concerning work permits. Sometimes oil companies also enforce a particular work permit system. It is the responsibility of the wireline engineer to ensure his crew completes and signs off work permits as and when required throughout the logging operation.
It is annoying to have a nuclear tool hanging in the derrick for 30 minutes waiting for a radioactive source to be loaded as the engineer seeks out the rig superintendent so he can sign a radioactive work permit off. H2S If there is a suspected risk of H2S gas then there will normally be training provided in the potential danger and emergency responses.
The additional risks as applied to wireline logging are that the logging equipment is not rated for H2S service, and such equipment in an H2S environment is liable to suffer extreme corrosion — to the point where the logging cable could break. If H2S is expected then this must be made clear to the logging contractor, so that they can prepare the appropriately rated equipment. The rig up and rig down of wireline equipment is an operation that the wireline crew is trained to do safely, and they have done it many times before.
They should not need any help other than perhaps an air winch operator from the rig crew and in fact having 5 rig crew guys who are not specifically trained in the handling of such equipment is a hindrance rather than a help — having many people on the rig floor, several of whom may be giving different directions, confuses the wireline winch operator.
In general, whilst the motives are appreciated, the rig crew should be restrained from getting involved with the wireline equipment rig-up.
Responsibilities of wireline engineer The wireline engineer has the objective of running the requested services to provide the best possible quality data in the minimum possible rig-time. Note that these 2 requirements are very hard to satisfy since achieving one often entails compromising the other.
For example poor quality density data in the middle of a very rugose known shale zone, several hundred meters away from the zone of interest, may well not need to be re-logged; especially if good neutron and sonic data has been acquired over the same zone.
This is important for post logging agreement on whether lost time rebates are to be applied to the wireline charges for that month.
If the logging engineer keeps no records of times then he will have to accept the CII version of times. Assuming this to be the case in future operations then telephone and email links from the CII office and the wellsite logging unit will be in place.
In this scenario the logging data will be available to the finding teams in a timely manner. For example; deciding to take a few more pressure points with an MDT once the MDT has already been rigged down may sometimes be an unavoidable scenario, however it is extremely expensive in terms of rig-time and every effort should be made to get all the data during one rig up of the tool.
This is because in many cases the wireline engineer will keep trying different ways to find a solution to a problem, no matter how many hours of rig time it takes - until he is told to give up. Note that these decisions will have to be taken based purely on what the on-site wireline engineer tells the wellsite geologist and drilling supervisor. This supervisor should be someone who is an expert in wireline operations, much as a testing supervisor would be an expert in testing operations.
The conventional approach is to use the wellsite geologist to witness the logging operations. The difference between the 2 roles is that whilst experienced wellsite geologists can hopefully quality control the data being recorded, the wireline supervisor can actually run the operation from start to finish, and knows every step of the operation in intimate detail.
A conventional wellsite witness must rely on the wireline engineer telling him the truth about what is going on at any stage; with the complexity of modern logging systems the wireline engineer can easily reveal only what he wants to reveal. Not only that, but in the event of equipment failures and general logging operations problems an experienced wireline expert, employed by the operator, can make quick decisions on how best to proceed — motivated purely by CII interests rather than service company interests.
In summary, an oil company generally has an experienced expert on site to supervise drilling, casing, cementing and testing operations — because these operations are expensive and should be closely monitored. A wireline supervisor provides the same oil company control over what is also a very expensive operation. If the wellsite geologist is asked to assume full responsibility for the wireline operation, then CII will have to accept the wireline contractors explanation of events, or at least debate them from the weak standpoint of not really knowing the truth.
In the case it is desirable to at least have a wellsite geologist who is very experienced with wireline operations. The wireline engineer should be informed before the logging that it is considered urgent to get this data to CII Jakarta office. In this case having 2 engineers with 2 logging computers becomes important, as one can work on creating the on-depth data urgently required whilst the other can continue with logging operations. One well trained, able and fresh wireline engineer should be able to handle this, but once he has gone 24 hours with no sleep, his ability to multi-task SAFELY and efficiently will be reduced drastically.
Pressure data from reservoir evaluation tools e. MDT from Schlumberger , core recovery information and perhaps even borehole images may have to be sent. Fast and efficient communications are therefore essential, and data transmission requirements should be discussed with the wireline contractor well in advance of logging — so that any technical problems can be addressed.
For example, transmitting a simple ASCII file and transmitting an image log are not the same — one can be done over a phone line from a laptop, the other needs a high speed network connection connected directly to the logging computer.
By this he means the tool string is getting repeatedly stuck and hopefully unstuck. This can be due to many reasons, including clay swelling, high mud over balance with permeable zones differential sticking , doglegs and getting mechanically stuck due to, key-seating, caves or even rocks falling on top of the tool. This involves using the drill pipe to retrieve the stuck tool and is a hazardous operation that is to be avoided if at all possible.
In the interests of avoiding fishing jobs, information concerning sticky hole conditions must be passed onto promptly to the drilling superintendent. The fishing operation is an operation run by the drilling department, in cooperation with the wireline contractor.
Depth Control All logs need a reference to ensure that they are on-depth with other logs run over the same interval. Usually this reference will be the first run log down i.
When the compensator is turned on it will move the upper sheave wheel by an unknown distance, so the wireline crew must mark the cable with chalk for example at the level of the rotary table, so that once the compensator has been turned on they can move the wireline winch to position the cable back at a known position i.
The log down is made at the maximum speed where the data is still useful. The purpose of the log down is not only to provide a depth reference, but also to acquire useful logging data that ideally can be used in the case of a failure of any of the logging tools during the main log up.
One way to ensure the setup has not changed is to measure the length of cable between the unit and drill floor by use of tape or chalk marks after the compensator is turned on, and once again as the tool approaches TD. There should be no difference, if there is a difference then something has moved in the rig up and it needs to be investigated.
The reason the log down is considered accurately on depth is because although stretch does occur as the logging cable is unspooled into the well, putting more and more tension on the cable unspooling from the drum — this stretch occurs BEFORE the depth measurement system of the logging unit measures the cable going past it.
By the time the depth measurement system measures the cable unspooling past it, all stretch has occurred and hence no further correction for stretch effects is required to a down log. This is acceptable, although in theory the log down should be more accurate.
What is important however, is that all logs run in a well are tied into the same reference, and it is highly recommended that all wells drilled within a particular field use the same method of depth reference.
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